Combination hydraulic transmission clutch and brake.



M. aver-1M; COMBINATION HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION CLUTCH AND BRAKE.\

APPLICATION FILED AUG-28. 1916- 1,256,696. Patented Eb.19,1918.

' 2 -SHEETSSHEET 1.

INVENTOR Martin Huee m WITNESSE:

wvuaqvinmd' ATTORNEYS M. HVEEM.

COMBINATION HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION CLUTCH A 'ND BRAK'E. APPLICATIONFILED AUG-28. ms.

1,256,696 Patented Feb. 19, 1918.

' Z SHEETSSHEET 2- INVISNTOR Maminfiveam.

BY I Jam/WA ATTORNEYS mobiles and the like, through which a diof partsmnnrm'nvnnm, or BAYLES, CALIFORNIA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. as, 1918.

Application filed August 28, 1916. Serial No. 117,192.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that T, MART-IN HVEEM, a citizenof the United States, residing at Bavles, in the county of Shasta andState of California, have invented new and useful Improvements inCombination Hydraulic Transmission Clutches and Brakes, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to a combination hydraulic transmission clutchand brake.

Oneof the objects of the present invention is to provide a simple,compact and easily operated hydraulic transmission for autorect orvariable speed may be transmitted to the propeller shaft of a car.

Another obiect of the invention is to provide a transmission. of thecharacter describedwhich is also adapted as a clutch and brake. l

The, invention further consists of the novel construction, combinationand arrangement as will hereinafter be more fully described and claimed,having reference to the accompanying drawing in which:

Figure 1 is a central, vertical, longitudinal section of the device.

Fig. '2 is a detailed shaft. ns

Fig. 3 is a detailed view and section of the shifting collar. I

Fig. 4e isa vertical section taken through Fig. 1, on line H, portionsbeing omitted.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the vanes. v

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the vane holders.

Referring to the drawings in detail A 1ndicates a flywheel or casingwhich is adapted to be secured on the end of an engine. crank shaft 2 bymeans of a key 3 or any other suitable means. Formed interior of theflywheel is an annular passage which in this instance is divided intotwo compartments 1 and 5 by means of apair of headsti and 7. Formedintegral with the heads 6 and 7 and extending into the annular passageon either side of the heads, is a pair of cam plates 8, which areprovided with V shaped slots 9, the function of which will hereinafterhe described.

Secured to the outer face of the flywheel is a cover plate 10 andextending through a stufling box 11 formed in said side plate is 'asecondary shaft 12. This shaft is hollow and is turnable entirelyindependent of the view of the secondary 1 W the vanes proper,

two for each vane.

engine crank shaft 2. The shaft is preferably recessed at one end topermit theouter end 13v of the crank shaft to extend intothe secondaryshaft and form a bearing for the same. The opposite end of the Secondaryshaft may be mounted in a bearing not here shown and may be suitablyconnected to the propeller shaft 14:.

- Secured upon the secondary Shaft 12 within the fly wheel is asecondary wheel.

which is made in two sections such as indicated at 15 and 16, andturnably mounted upon the secondary shaft in a space formed between thetwo sections 15 and 16fis a disk 17. Formed in the periphery of thesecondary wheel are a plurality of radially disin which are mountedvanes 18.

pcsed slots These vanes are adapted to be projected into the annularpassage formed-interior of the flywheel and are similarly adapted to bevretracted therefrom by means of the central disk 17 and othercotiperating members here inafter to be described.

Formed in thesecondary wheel and radially disposed are a plurality ofcylindrically shaped openings'19. These openings are arranged in pairsandare provided for the purpose of receiving vane holders, such as Shownin Fig. 6. These holders consist of two tubular members 20, which areconnccted at the lower end by means of a crosspin 21. The cross-pinextends through a cooperating cam slot 22 formed in central disk 17, andas there are four sets of vanes 18 shown in the present device, it canreadily be seen that there will be four holders such as is shown in Fig.6, and four sets of cam slots 22. The upper end of each vane holder ortube 20 is slotted as at 23 to permit the Y tubes to straddle thecotiperating vane. The

upper end of each tube is provided with inwardly turned projections 24which are adapted to engage with pins 25 secured in to retract the vanesfrom the annular passage formed in the flywheel.

interposed betweenthe bottom of eachtube and the vane 1s a coil spring26, there being These springs serve the function of a resilient supportfor each individual vane, therefore permitting each individual vane tobe depressed with relation to its holder without changing the positionof the holder,this being necessary, as the vanes during each rotation ofthe secondary wheel engage with the cam plates 8, The holders properare, however, adapted to be roe Tilt

reciprocated within the secondary wheel by means of the central disk 17,the crosspi-n 21 and the cam slots 22 formed in the central plate. Thisis accomplished by turning the plate in the following manner:

Mounted interiorly of the hollow secondary shaft 12 is a shaft 30. Thisshaft is provided with an outwardly projectingcrank arm at each end,such as indicated at 31 and arm being sufliciently extended to engage aa cam slot35 formed in the inner face of a shifting collar 36, which 1sslidably mounted as at 37 upon the outer end of the secondary shaft. Ashifting lever 38 pivotally mounted as at 39, being provided for thepurpose of sliding the shifting collar upon the shaft.

.In actual practice the-operation of the device will be as follows:

The annular passage formed interior of the flywheel or casing A isfilled with a liquid such as oil or the like, through Plugged" openingssuch as indicated at 40. This liquid is retained in the annular passageby the centrifugal action of the fiy--- wheel A which is secureddirectly upon the engine crank shaft 2. It is furthermore preventedfromleaking out, asthe inner secondary wheel, together with the shaftsupporting same, forms a filler-interior of the flywheel, whichpractically speaking, re-

stricts the liquid 'or maintains it within the annular passage. With theengine started and the flywheel rotating it is onlyneces sary to movethe shifting collar infie direction or.another"to permit the cam groove35 to engage the upper end of v the crank arm 31 and turn the innershaft 30. This movement is transmitted through crank arm 32 to turn disk17, which-in turn either projects or retracts the vanes 18 in unison. Ifthe car is standing still it is only necessary to move the vanesoutwardly a slight distance. The liquid revolving with the flywheel Awill then impinge on the projecting faces of the vanes, therebytransmitting power to rotate-the secondary wheel and attached shaft 12.

As the speed of the car increases it is possible to gradually projectthe vanes until they are fully projected. as shown in Fig. 4. Andpractically speaking, positive drive is in this manner formed and thesecondary wheel together with the connecting shaft will turn in unisonwith the flywheel and engine'shaft 2. Variable speeds are how-.projected, in'this manner'causing the ever possible as a slightretraction of the vanes will permit the liquid to pass by the vanes andcirculate through the V shaped slots 9 formed in the cam plates 8. Thiswill be more fully understood by the following description:

Upon rotating the flywheel it will be seen that the liquid containedinthe annular chambers will also turn in the same direc tion. This isdue not only to the centrifugal action imparted but also to theprovision of the heads 6 and 7.- If the vanes 18 are only partlyprojected it can readily be seen that the liquid will circulate past thevanes and through the V shaped slots formed in the cam plates. Thiscirculation is gradually restricted as the vanes are projected andsimilarly unrestricted when the vanes are retracted. The cam platesprovided are essential features of the present invention, as the vanesmay be automatically retracted during each revolution, particularly whenvariable speeds are being transmitted. The resilient cushion provided bythe springs 26 permit this automatic depression orre= traction of eachindividual vane when the parts are revolving at variable speeds and theposition of the vane holders at the same time limits the distance thevanes project during each revolution.

brgmh'ermcastmg down hlll, as the power of the motor may be turned ofiand the vanes rear wheels of the car to transmit power to turn theengine when coasting. This is an ideal condition, as it practicallyeliminates wear and tear on the brakes now ployed.

Another important feature obtained by the present device is theeconomical running of the motor, as the motor may by application of thisdevice he run at a constant economical speed, while the .transmissionpermits any speed to be transmitted to the rear driving wheels; in fact,it permits the commonly em- ,driver to adjust the car speed to the motorspeed by gradually changing the ratio be-' tween the motor speed and thecar speed,

I so as to maintain a maximum motor power instead of throttling themotor to reduce the speed to suit the gear ratios now commonly used.

The device as a whole is simple and substantial in construction and whenapplied as here shown it positively eliminates the use of a flywheel andclutch andtransmission gears. It furthermore serves the-function of abrake, and while it does not entirely replace the brake, it does to'agreat extent relieve the necessity of applying the brake, particularlywhen coasting down hill.

2O vanes and collects behind same.

The whole control of the device is obtained by the employment of asingle lever, such as indicated at 38, and practically anyone,

whether skilled or unskilled in the opera tion of driving,'wil l'be ableto handle a car without previous experience or instructions.The'materials and finish of the several parts of the'device may be suchas the experience and judgmentof the manufacture may dictate.

In the actual operation of the device it. sometimes happens. that theliquid contained in the annular chamber leaks back by the For thepurpose of permitting the vanes to move freely back and also for thepurpose of returning this leakage liquid back to the annular chamber apair of return ports 60v have been provided; These ports permit theliquid to return back to the annular chamber, therefore permitting eachindividual vane to move freely back when manually retracted orwhen'depressed by the cam plates. While any suitable form of liquid may.be le'mploved, I prefer a liquid having a heavy specific gravity and insome instances forming a liquid compound either by adding white lead,graphite or like material. 4

' Having thus described. my invention, what I claim and desire to secureby Letters 'Patent is 1. A hydraulic transmission comprising a hollow,liquid-containing fly wheel, a secondary wheel rotatable within thechamber of the fly wheel, a; shaft foreach wheel, yieldably mountedvanes carried by and extending from the periphery of the secondarywheel, spaced head members fixed radially within the fly wheel outwardlyof the secondary wheel and each having oppositely extending perforatedcam plates integral with the inner edge or the head over which the vanesare movable, said cam plates having their outer ends supported on thefly wheel, bein unsupported between their ends. and a lling openingadjacent each head beneath a cam plate.

2. A hydraulic transmission comprising a hollow, liquid-containing flywheel, a secondary wheel rotatable within the chamber of the fly wheel,a shaft for each wheel, yieldably mounted vanes carried by and extendingfrom the periphery of the secondary wheel, and a head member fixedradially within the fly wheel outwardly of the sec ondary wheel andhaving perforated cam plates extending in opposite directions from theinner edge of said head for guiding the vanes over the latter.

3. A hydraulic transmission comprising a hollow, liquid-containing flywheel rotatably mounted, a secondary wheel rotatable within the chamberof the fly wheel and provided with radially disposed openings, meanswithin the chamber for obstructing the annular passage about theperiphery of the secondary wheel, a longitudinally slotted tubularmember slidable in each wheel opening, means for sliding the memberradially of the secondary wheel, and a vane for each tubular memberresiliently disposed in the slot thereof to extend beyond the peripheryof said secondary wheel.

4. A hydraulic transmission comprising a hollow, liquid-containing flywheel rotatably mounted, a secondary wheel rotatable within the chamberof the fly wheel and provided with radially disposed openings, meanswithin the chamber for obstructing the annular passage about theperiphery of the secondary wheel, a longitudinally slotted tubularmember slidable-in each wheel opening, means for sliding the membersradially of the secondary wheel, a vane for each the secondary wheel. alongitudinallyslotted tubular member slidable in each wheel opening,means for sliding the members radially of the secondary wheel. and avane for each tubular member interlockingly and resiliently disposed inthe slot thereof to extend beyond the periphery of said secondary wheel.

6. A hydraulic transmission comprising a hollow, liquid-containing flywheel rotatably mounted, a secondary wheel rotatable within the chamberof the fly wheel and provided with radially disposed openings,

means within the chamber for obstructing the annular passage about theperiphery of the secondary wheel, a longitudinally slotted tubularmember slidable in each wheel opening, means for sliding the membersradially of the secondary wheel, a vane for each tubular member arrangedin the slot thereof to extend beyond the periphery of thesecondary'wheel, means urging the vanes radially outward, and a pin oneach vane extending into the respective tubular member for engagingtherewith to limit the outward movementof the vane 7. A hydraulictransmission comprising a hollow, liquid-containing fly wheel rotatablymounted, a shaft, a secondary wheel 'on the shaft rotatable within thechamber of the fly wheel and consisting of a pair of sectionssecuredtogether, means within the chamber for obstructing the annular passageabout the periphery of the secondary wheel, each wheel Section having 'aradially disposed, opening opposing that of the other section, saidsecondary wheel having transverse peripheral slots radially of theopenings of the wheel sections, pairs of tubular members slidable in theopposing openings of the wheel sections and slotted at their outer endsin registry with the wheel slots,

.a pin connecting the tubular members of each pair, vanes disposed inthe peripheral wheel slots and tubular member slots, and

means engaging-the connecting pins for sliding the tubular members.

8. A hydraulic transmission comprising ahollow, liquid-containing flywheel rotatably mounted, a-shaft, a secondary wheel on the shaftrotatable within the chamber of the fly wheel and consisting of a pairof-sections-secured together, means within the chamber for obstructingthe annular passage about the periphery of the second ary wheel, eachwheel section having a radially disposed openingopposing that of theother section, said secondary wheel having transverse peripheralslotsradially of the openings of the wheel sections, pairs of tubularmembers slidable in the opposing openings of the wheel sections andslotted at their outer ends in registry with the wheel slots, a pinconnecting the tubular members of each pair, vanes disposed in the slotsof the wheel and tubular member, and cam means engaging the connectingpins for sliding the tubular members."

9. A hydraulic transmission comprising a hollow, liquid-containing flywheel rotatably mounted,'a shaft, a secondary wheel on the shaftrotatable within the chamber of the fly wheel and consisting-of a pairof sections secured together; means within the chamber for obstructingthe annular passage about the periphery of the secondary wheel,

each wheel section having a radially disposed opening opposing that ofthe other section, said secondary wheel having transtably mounted, ashaft, a secondary'wheel on the shaftrotatable within the chamber of thefly wheel and consisting of a pair of sections secured together, meansWithin" the chamber for obstructing the annular passage about theperiphery of the secondary wheel, each wheel section having a radiallydisposed opening opposing that of the other section, said secondarywheel having transverse peripheral slots radially of the openings of thewheel sections, pairs of tubular members slidable in the opposingopenings of the wheel sections and slotted at their outer ends inregistry with the wheel slots,

a pin connecting the tubular members of each pair, springs arranged ineach tubular member, vanes slidablv disposed in the slots of the wheeland tubular members and seat-, ing on the springs, and means for slidingthe tubular members. I

11. A hydraulic transmiss on comprising a hollow, liquid-containingflywheel 'rota-' tablv mounted, a shaft. a secondary wheel on the shaftrotatable within the chamber of the fly wheel and consisting of a pairof sections secured together, means within the chamber for obstructingthe annular passage about the periphery of the secondary wheel, each;wheel section having a radially disposed opening opposing that of theother section, said secondary Wheel having transverse peripheral slotsradially of the openings of thewheel sections, pa rs of tubular vmembers slidable in the opposing openings of the wheel sections andslotted at their outer ends in registry with the wheel slots. a pinconnecting the tubular members of each pair, springs arranged in eachtubular member, vanes slidablv disposed in the slots of the Wheel andtubular members and seating on the springs, a-disk-rotatablv interposedbetween the wheel. sections and provided with cam surfaces engaging'theconnecting pins,

and means for imparting rotary movement to the disk.

'12. A hydraulictransmission comprising a hollow, liquid-containing flywheel rotata-bly mounted, a shaft, a secondary wheel rotatable withinthe chamber of the fly wheel and consisting'of a pair of sectionssecured.

together, meanswithin the chamber f r obstructing the annular passageabout the periphery of the secondary wheel, each wheel section havingaradially disposed opening opposing that of the other section, saidsecondary wheel having transverse peripheral slots radially of theopenings of the wheel sect ons, pairs of tubular members slidable in theopposing openings of the wheel sections and slotted at their outer endsin reg-'- istry with the wheel slots, a pin connecting the tubularmembers of each pair, springs arranged in each tubular member, vanesslidably disposed in the slots of the wheel'and tubular members andseating on the springs,

a disk rotatable on the shaft and between the wheel sections and thecomponent tubular members of each pair, said disk having cam slotsthrough which the connecting pins pass, and means for rotating the disk.

- 13. A hydraulic transmission comprising a hollow, liquid-containingfly wheel rotatably mounted, a shaft, a secondary wheel rotatable withinthe chamber of the fly wheel and consisting of a pair of sectionssecured together, means within the chamber for obstructingthe annularpassage about the periphery of the secondary wheel, each wheel sectionhaving a radially disposed opening opposing that of the other section,said secondary wheel having transverse peripheral slots radially of theopenings of the wheel sections, pairs of tubular members slidable in theopposing openings of the wheel sections and slotted at their outer endsin registry with the wheel slots, a pin connecting the tubular membersof each pair, sprmgs arranged in each tubular member, vanes slidablydisposed in the slots of the wheel and tubular members and seating onthe springs, a disk rotatable on the shaft and between the wheelsections and the component tubular members of each pair, said diskhaving cam slots through which the connecting pins pass, a second shaftwithin the first shaft having a pair of radial arms operating throughslots in said first shaft, one arm being connected to the disk forrotating the same, and a collar slidable on the first shaft and providedwith a spiral groove for receiving the other arm to rotate the secondshaft. 14. A hydraulic transmission comprising a hollow,liquid-containing fly wheel rotatably mounted, a shaft, a secondarywheel rotatable within the chamber of the fly wheel and consisting of apair of sections secured together, means within the chamber for ob--structing the annular passage about the periphery of the secondarywheel, each wheel section having a radially disposed opening opposingthat of the other section, said secondary wheel having transverseperipheral slots radially of .theopenings of the wheel sections, pairsof tubular members slidable in the opposing openings of the wheelsections and slotted at their outer ends in registry with the wheelslots, a pin connecting the tubular members of each pair, springsarranged in each tubular member, vanes slidably disposed. in the slotsof the wheel and tubular members and seating on the springs, a diskrotatable on the shaft and between the wheel sections and the componenttubular members of each pair, said disk having cam slots through whichthe connecting pins pass, and a second shaft within the first shafthaving a radial arm operating through a slot in the first shaft, saidarm connecting with the disk to rotate the same when the second shaft isrotated.

15. A hydraulic transmission comprising a hollow, liquid-containing flywheel, a secondary wheel rotatable therein, means within the chamber forobstructing the annular passage aboutthe periphery of the secondarywheel, a hollow shaft supporting the secondary wheel, said ing radialopenings, vanes slidable in the latter, vane carriers movably mounted inthe wheel openings, and means for movin'g the carriersincluding a memberrotatable about the shaft and having connection with the carriers.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set.

my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MARTIN HVEEM. Witnesses:

J OIIN H. HERRING, \V. W. HEAIJ'IY.

secondary wheel hav-

